Prevention and treatment of common accidents in coal mine bl
Date:2013-11-27 Hits:
With the national attention to the coal industry, coal mine safety condition is improved greatly. Although the safety in production has been the focus of coal production, but the situation is not optimistic, all kinds of coal mine accidents have been occurred. Prevention and treatment methods of some common accidents in coal mines in the blasting operation.
A, mine blasting equipment
The coal mine blasting equipment including the following: with explosives and detonators, explosives, detonators 1: permissible AN-TNT explosive, water gel explosive, explosive, explosive cylinder was ion. Prohibited the nitroglycerine explosives use black powder and frozen or semi frozen. The same face shall not use 2 kinds of different varieties of explosives. 2, the detonator: 1 according to the classification of time: instantaneous electric detonator delay electric detonator explosion and can be divided into two kinds of right at the moment of explosion. Delay electric detonator is divided into second delay electric detonator and millisecond delay electric detonator. According to the conditions of use: can be divided into non coal mine permissible electric detonator, a common instantaneous electric detonator, second delay electric detonator and millisecond delay electric detonator; electric detonator for coal mine permissible instantaneous electric detonator and millisecond delay electric detonator for mine coal mine. The electric detonator produced by different manufacturers or different varieties, shall not be mixed use. Shall not use the detonating cord pipe or guide, prohibited the use of fire detonator. In mining work face, must use the permissible instantaneous electric detonator or millisecond delay electric detonator for mine. The use of Permissible MS delay electric detonator, the delay time of the last paragraph shall not exceed 130ms. Electric detonator produced by different manufacturers or different varieties, shall not be mixed use. Shall not use the detonating cord pipe or guide, prohibited the use of fire detonator. The general use of electric detonator blasting in coal mine. 3, the exploder; detonating device handle, key or electric initiation wiring box key, must by the blaster to carry, is strictly prohibited to others. No blasting is energized, shall not handle or a key is inserted into the detonator or electric initiating terminal box. After blasting, must immediately will handle or pull out the key, take bus and kink short-circuit.
Two, the mining working face blast hole arrangement
(a), types and functions of coal working face blast hole arrangement, hole: the eye, in the face the bottom, its role is to lower coal seam of coal fried, create free surface for the eyes and parietal eye, as coal, shift slip, supporting conditions. The eye, located between the coal seam roof and floor, is free surface expanding bottom hole. The parietal eye, located on the roof of coal seam below, it is the role of blasting caving coal, and create the conditions for the hanging beam. Arranged according to the mining face with high hardness, coal, roof and floor lithology and coal joint, bedding conditions to determine a reasonable working face hole, hole arrangement mode and the applicable conditions of blasting. The single row arrangement. Generally used for 1m thin coal seam or coal is relatively soft, joint development of medium thick coal seam. Along the working face hit a row of slightly down and to the side of the hole. The double row arrangement: when the coal seam thickness is 1 ~ 1.5m, hard coal to the coal face, along the two row of holes, coal is soft with three presbyopia. The three rows of eye. The five openings layout, for hard coal, mining height is larger in the middle and thick coal seam.
(two), the tunneling working surface blast hole arrangement, hole types and the role of the cut hole, located in the lower part of the tunnel, is the founder of the free surface. The auxiliary hole, located in the cut hole and around the eye, and its role is to enlarge the free surface. The periphery hole, is located in the section of roadway surrounding, its role is to control the section shape and size. The cut method mainly with wedge cut, it is suitable for various kinds of coal and rock, is a cut method for field application is the most.
Three, the underground safety blasting
(a) delivery of the electric detonator underground blasting materials must be transported by the blasting explosive personally, by blasting or in blasting engineering monitoring by other personnel carrier. The non metal container explosive materials must be installed in the pressure and impact resistance, shockproof, anti - static rushed in. Electric detonator and explosives are strictly prohibited in the same container. It is strictly prohibited to explosive materials arranged in the pocket. To the explosive materials, should be sent directly to the work place, no stopover. The explosive material, well, with each layer cage carry explosive materials shall not exceed 4, other personnel shall not be the same tank. In succession, personnel well time strictly carry explosive materials personnel along the wellbore.
(two) blasting materials stored in blasting engineering must put explosives, detonators stored separately in the explosive material is special, and locked; no littering, lying. Explosive material box must be placed on the roof intact, support complete, avoid mechanical, electrical equipment locations. Blasting must be explosive material box in a safe place warning line outside. The boxes of explosives and detonators box must be stored separately, and the distance between the two should not be less than 5m.
(three) do drug guide the assembly primer must be in the vicinity of roof intact, support, avoid complete electrical equipment and conducting bodies blasting work. No sitting on the explosive material box assembly primer. Assembly primer number, at the local number need only. The assembly primer must prevent electric detonator by vibration, shock, broken foot line and damage the foot line insulation layer. The detonator must be top loading cartridge, prohibit the use of electric detonator instead of bamboo, wooden garish. Electric detonator must be inserted into the cartridge. It is strictly prohibited to electric detonator cable inserted in the cartridge in the middle or tied in the drug volume. The electric detonator is inserted into the cartridge, must use the foot line will roll around, and the electric detonator leg wire kink short-circuit.
(four) charge 1, program: hole inspection, inspection hole angle, depth, number and location is consistent with the requirements of blasting chart; hole cleaning, the hole coal, rock powder and lay a good clean in order to charge blasting chart, according to requirements, will roll gently into the hole with a wooden gun rod by blasting sequence, each volume drug closely connected; sealing. With gun mud (water gun mud and clay gun mud) will hole sealing; finally, each detonator leg wire kink short-circuit. No excess charge, no cover and pad medicine medicine. The cartridge into the borehole.
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